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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first line treatment for ADHD. They have a track record of a high response, good tolerance, and are safe throughout the lifespan. It's crucial to find the right medication and dosage that relieves your or your child's symptoms without causing any adverse side effects. This can take a lot trial and error as well as an open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase activity in the central nervous system. Students and workers, athletes, artists and other people use them to enhance their performance and cognitive abilities. They are also used in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), binge eating disorder, and other anxiety disorders. The most common stimulant medications are amphetamines and methylphenidates. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in immediate-release and extended-release formulas. Immediate-release medications are usually taken every four hours as needed. They can cause a sudden, short-term decrease in energy known as a crash after they wear off. The crash can result in severe hunger, mood swings, and fatigue. Instant-release medications can also raise blood pressure and heart rate in some people, especially when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medicines are designed to release their active ingredients over a period of between 8 and 16 hours. Your doctor might suggest this kind of medication if you are looking for long-lasting symptom control without having to take a pill multiple times a day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate products. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch known as Daytrana, which sticks to the skin like a bandage and lasts throughout the day. This kind of medicine can be prescribed to adults with ADHD and require daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options. Stimulant medications don't treat ADHD However, they can aid in managing symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one and each. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters to be released and assists in ensuring that messages between neurons are more effectively transmitted and received. Doctors often prescribe antidepressants addition to stimulants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants that doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine serotonin and dopamine in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are a good option for people with anxiety or depression. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Your doctor can switch between stimulant and a non-stimulant medication if your current medication isn't effective or causes an unacceptable side effects. Long-acting Stimulants help about 70% to 80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They reduce symptoms such as fidgeting, arguing with others and losing focus during conversations or tasks. They can also improve the social skills of employees and improve their performance. The stimulant drugs begin to work when they cross the blood-brain barrier which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. They increase the levels dopamine and Norepinephrine within brain cells which reduces hyperactivity and impulseivity. A stimulant drug that is FDA-approved uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine, (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). The stimulants can trigger side effects such as stomach upset, loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate as well as headaches, anxiety or nervousness. They can also make tics more severe, and they may cause problems sleeping in some people. Long-acting stimulants, like Strattera or Wellbutrin, work all day and night. Short-acting medicines are only effective for a few hours. They can also be used to treat other ailments like anxiety or depression. These medications work by changing the way that your body regulates chemical known as monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases, or enzymes, break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters within the brain. These chemicals stay in the body for longer if they're not broken down. This can affect your behavior and thinking. Long-acting drugs can have less negative effects. Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses that you can take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release versions that you can take every day. This may be more convenient for some adults, but it's crucial to remember that you take them each day. Other medications have been shown to be effective for a lot of people suffering from ADHD, including selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). They are typically prescribed for depression or anxiety, but they can also be prescribed for ADHD and around 70% of people are able to respond. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is another SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been proven to be more effective than placebos in a controlled study. These SSRIs can cause serious side effects such as ringing in the ears anxiety, a change to vision and heart and lung function in certain people. Short-acting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These two chemicals help people manage their behavior and improve their focus. They are available in a variety of varieties, and each has their own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two major kinds of stimulant drugs amphetamines, methylphenidates, and methylphenidates. All have similar effects, but their duration of action differs. The methylphenidates produce less lasting effects that can last for up to three hours, while the amphetamines provide longer-lasting effects. Certain people are more in their ability to take long-acting stimulant medications than those with short-acting stimulants, so your doctor may prescribe this type of medication. It is essential to know everything you can about the drug, including possible side effects, how often it is recommended to take it and any special warnings that should be followed. This will help you and your doctor to determine the most suitable medication for you. These medications can also trigger adverse side effects, such as difficulty sleeping or a decrease in appetite. If you experience these issues you should talk to your doctor about adjusting the dosage or trying other medications. Adults suffering from ADHD who don't respond to stimulants well are treated with non-stimulant drugs. These drugs take longer to work but improve the ability to pay attention and to control impulses. These drugs can be prescribed alone or in combination with stimulants. The first is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) that increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex which regulates behavior. Another is guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a class of medications called alpha agonists. These drugs work by preventing reuptake and increasing the level of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has now been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People with ADHD make use of a variety drug combinations. These include stimulants and depressants such as the guanfacine or clonidine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain and can reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behavior. They also prevent the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. However, this combination can be dangerous if not utilized correctly. Serotonin Syndrome is a drug emergency that occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase the heart rate and blood pressure. People with heart disease or high blood pressure are at greater risk of developing side effects from this medication. Young adults and teens are increasingly consuming stimulant mixtures. These are commonly described as “legal highs” and are readily available at pharmacies. These drugs are also available on the black market. These substances are dangerous particularly when they are combined with alcohol or other substances. Polydrug use can be dangerous. Mixing drugs can cause unpredictably harmful effects, including increased heart rate, slow breathing, paranoia, hallucinations, seizures and addiction. medication for adhd is more effective than monopharmacotherapy for treating ADHD, according to the findings of a study. Combining medication increased adherence and allowed patients to experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However, many patients stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In some cases, the medication was discontinued due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be because of a poor diagnosis, or a inaccessibility to medications. Nonstimulants can also be used to treat ADHD. They help improve attention span and impulse regulation however they are not as effective as stimulants. They are also less likely to block growth and alter appetite. Certain antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD, but they are less likely of enhancing focus and concentration. In a number of studies, atomoxetine (Concerta) when combined with methylphenidate, produced better results than any drug on its alone. The combination of these two medications was proven to increase adherence and reduce adverse effects in the majority of people. The combination was also effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination may be a viable solution for children suffering from severe ADHD.